Magnetic compass.



C. F. RYLAND.

MAGNETIC COMPASS.

1 APPLICATION man JUNEY, 1916- 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Patented Jan. 22, 1918.

C. F. RYLAND.

MAGNETIC COMPASS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7. i916. LQM SMU Patented Jan.22,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 llhllTE srarns MAGNETIC COMPASS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, (hmnLns FREDERICK RYLAND, a subject of the King of England, residing at 109 St. Michaels road, Aldershot, Hampshire, England, whose postoflice address is 109 St. Michaels road, Aldershot, Hampshire, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetic Compasses, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pocket or portable magnetic compasses, that is to say, compasses provided with a cap like lid or cover having a hole or transparent window therein similar to the cover of a hunter watch through which hole the object can be seen or sighted.

The sight holes or windows of such pocket compasses have generally been provided with a sighting line by which, in conjunction with an eye-sightin or attached to the bow of the compass frame or to the frame itself, a sighting can be taken of any given object in the field of view. The bearing of the object, however, with reference to the points of the compass, cannot be obtained by such means without removing the compasses from the eye, previous to which it'is necessary to lock the compass dial against movement. Such locking besides requiring delicate handling of the compass is very apt to be out as much as five or even ten degrees, seriously affecting, and in some cases entirely destroying the value of the sighting.

By my invention I provide means by which it is possible to obtain the bearing of any given object simultaneously with the sighting and without removing the compasses from the eye. Consequently when taking a bearing the necessity for locking the compass dial and the delicate manipulation required during such locking are rendered unnecessary, although dial locking means are serviceable in other uses of the compass.

By my invention therefore I produce an instrument which, so far as the taking of a simultaneous sighting and bearing is concerned, acts in the same way as the prismatic compass, my invention being much less costly and more portable than a prismatic compass and readily adaptable to existing forms of pocket compass.

According to my invention a hinged Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 22, 1mm...

Application filel June 7, 1916. Serial No. 102,320.

jointed or adjustable reflector is attached either to the lid or cover of a magnetic pocket or portable compass, or to the body of the compass so as to come within the lid when the lid is closed.

The compass has a sighting hole or window in the said cover or lid, and the reflector is attached and arranged in a direct line with the sighting hole or winow in the said cover, and in such a. position as to reflect the degrees when sighting or taking a bearing, and in a manner enabling the cover to be closed when not in use. The said reflector is preferably made of metal but can be made of glass, and may be flat, concave or convex. The reflector can also be made in various shapes and fixed in various positions. In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate examples of construction according to my invention Figure 1 shows the reflector A with single hinge attached below the sighting hole D inside the cover of the compass.

Fig. 2 shows the reflector A of the shape shown in Fig. 1 attached above the sighting hole D.

Figs. 3 and 4 show reflectors A of other shapes in the same positions as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 5 shows the reflector A fitted with a hinge and pinned in the usual way.

Fig. 6 shows the reflector A fitted with two hinges.

Fig. 7 shows the reflector A as described in Fig. 8 in position inside the lid of the compass from which it may be detached when the lid is to be closed, unless there is sufiicient space allowed in the lid.

Fig. 8 shows the reflector A without a hinge, attached to a straight piece of metal preferably steel, which is sprung inside the lid of the compass as shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 illustrates the reflector A of the shape shown in Fig. 5 hinged to a circular spring clip to fit inside the cover of the comass.

p Figs. 10 and 11 show the side views of the compasses having the reflectors A as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, when in use.

Figs. 12 and 13 show the side view of the compass with the reflector A, as shown in Fig. 6 in position for sighting.

Fig. 14 illustrates the reflector A attached to a spring frame, which is fixed or fitted inside the cover of the compass as shown in Fig. 15, and which immediately springs to the necessary angle when the cover of the compass is opened.

Fig. 15 shows the side view of the reflector A, as shown in Fi 1 t, fitted in the cover of the compass.

.Fig. 16 shows an adjustable reflector A with a dovetail member A which is fitted into a groove A in the compass case, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.7, either in front of or behind the joint of the case.

Fig. 17 shows the reflector as shown in Fig. 1G raised and ready for use. 7

Fig. 18 shows the reflector A as shown in Fig. 16, but without the member A, being in this case attached or fixed to the metal rim which holds the glass cover E (Fig. 1) over the compass dial this figure also shows the reflector A in position for sighting.

The reflector A in the forms shown in Figs. 16 is hinged and pinned in the usual The object in the distance is seen over the reflector A if the reflector A is attached as shown. in Figs. 1, 3, 10, 12, 13, 17 and 18, or should the reflector A be fixed above the sighting window D as shown in Figs. 2,4, 7,

11 and 15, the object will be seen below the reflector A, and the degrees will be reflected above the object. The reflector may be made with or without asight-hole, line or V- shapcd notch as shown in Fig. 5.

\Vhen taking observations the cover B of thecompass is placed at an angle of 90 degrees to the dial and the reflector A is brought forward until the degrees are plainly reflected. The reflector is then approximately at an' angle of 4.5 degrees as shown in Figs. 10. 11, 12 and 13. The advantage of the reflector A being adjustableis that it permits the cover B Fig. 1 to be kept at an angle of 90 degrees to the compass dial and therefore admits of an accurate reading.

Tt also permits the cover 13 to close and therefore keeps the reflector A free from dust and dirt, and therefore always ready for use.

It is to be observed that as the hearing is read off by reflection the compasses to which my invention isapplied must be fitted with dials having inverted numerals which will read upright when reflectedv in the mirror.

I am aware that it has been already proposed to provide a pocket compass with a reflector hinged to the inside of the lid or to provide an ordinary open-face compass with a hinged reflector mounted in the sight ing line and covered with a hinged protector, the compass being provided with a dial with inverted numeralsf My invention differs therefrom in being adjustably mounted inside the case'lid or onthe case'body of a pocket compass provided with a cap likelid or cover and therefore runsless risk of breakage and is kept free from dust etc.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a magnetic compass in combination, a casing comprising 'a'cover part hinged to the remainder of the casing on an axis parallel to the compass part, said cover part being adaptedto stand at an angle of 90 to the compass part, said cover part having an aperture therein and means thereon in dicating theline of sight, and areflector also mounted to turn about an axis parallel to the plane of the compass part, but mount ed to turn independently of said cover part, said reflector being adapted to reflect the portion of the compass part in the line'of sight, and means in position on the compass casing to indicate the line of sight on said reflector. r f

2. In a magnetic compass in combination, a casing comprising a cover part hinged to the remainder of the casing on an axis parallel to the compass part, said cover part being adapted to stand at an angleof 90 to the compass part, said cover part having an aperture therein and means thereon in: dicatingthe line of sight, and a reflector also mounted to turn about an axis parallel to the plane of the compass part, but mounted to turn independently'of said cover part, said reflector being adapted to reflect the portion of the compass part in the line of sight, and means for indicatingthe line of sight on said reflector in position on the compass casing, said reflector being pivoted to said cover part.

3. In a magnetic compass in combination, a casing comprising a cover part hinged to the remainder of the casing on'an axis parallel to the compass part, said cover part being adapted to stand at an angle of 90 to the compass'part, said cover part having an aperture therein and means thereon indicating the line of sight, and a reflector also mounted to turn about an axis parallel to the plane of the compass part but mounted to turn independently of said cover part, said reflector being adapted to reflect the portion of the compass part in the line of sight, and means in position on the compass casing to indicate the line of sight on said reflector, said reflector being pivoted to said cover part and being cut away in the line of sight.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of a subscribing Witness this 24th day of May 1916.

CHARLES FREDERICK RYLAND. lVitness:

L. POLIAKOFF.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

